Air Temperatures – The following high temperatures (F) were recorded across the state of Hawaii Monday…along with the low temperatures Tuesday:

85 – 70  Lihue, Kauai
88 – 71  Honolulu, Oahu
89 – 68  Molokai AP
93 – 70  Kahului AP, Maui – 93 broke the old record of 90 Monday…back in 1953
85 – 74  Kona AP, Hawaii
86 – 71  Hilo, Hawaii

Here are the latest 24-hour precipitation totals (inches) for each of the islands Tuesday morning:

0.90  N Wailua Ditch, Kauai
0.98  Moanalua RG, Oahu
0.00  Molokai
0.06  Lanai
0.03  Kahoolawe
0.80  Kepuni, Maui
0.41  Waiaha, Big Island

The following numbers represent the strongest wind gusts (mph) Tuesday morning:

10  Port Allen, Kauai
10  Makua Range, Oahu
07  Molokai
12  Lanai
13  Kahoolawe
10  Hana, Maui
15  PTA West, Big Island

Hawaii’s Mountains – Here’s a link to the live webcam on the summit of our tallest mountain Mauna Kea (13,803 feet high) on the Big Island of Hawaii. Here’s the webcam for the 10,000+ feet high Haleakala Crater on Maui. These webcams are available during the daylight hours here in the islands, and at night whenever there’s a big moon shining down. Also, at night you will be able to see the stars, and the sunrise and sunset too…depending upon weather conditions.

 

https://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/west/tpac/ft-animated.gif
An out of season cold front is approaching to the west-northwest
(click on the images to enlarge them)

 

https://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/west/cpac/ir4.jpg
This frontal cloud band will stall just before reaching Kauai

 

https://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/satellite/latest/Hawaii_IR.gif
Clear to partly cloudy…some mostly cloudy areas

 

https://radar.weather.gov/Conus/RadarImg/hawaii.gif
Showers locally – Looping image

 

 There are no watches, warnings, or advisories at this time

https://www.weather.gov/wwamap/png/hfo.png

 


~~~ Hawaii Weather Narrative ~~~

 

 

Broad Brush Overview: An out of season cold front will break down the high pressure ridge north of the islands this week. Wind speeds will remain light east to southeasterly through Friday, allowing localized land and sea breezes to form over the state. Clouds and scattered showers will favor afternoon the and early evenings. Trade winds will return for the Memorial Day weekend…through the first half of next week.

Details: A moderately strong high in the northeast Pacific remains anchored far northeast of the islands, as a cold front moves into the area from the northwest…stalling just north of Kauai. The position of this stalled cold front will keep the islands on the edge of the subtropical ridge axis, leading to a continued light east to southeast wind pattern.

This sea breeze circulation will persist through Friday, producing hot and humid weather conditions over the islands…with cooler temperatures at night. Clouds and scattered showers will form over mountains, island interior sections, and along leeward slopes. Clouds and showers will push offshore in the overnight hours…driven by land breezes forming over the islands.

Looking Further Ahead: A high pressure ridge builds back in over the state as the cold front lifts north, allowing moderate easterly trade winds to return just in time for the Memorial Day weekend. This trade wind weather pattern will likely continue through the first half of next week. Look for slightly cooler and less humid conditions, with clouds and scattered showers favoring windward and mountain areas.

Here’s a near real-time Wind Profile of the Pacific Ocean – along with a Closer View of the islands / Here’s the latest Weather Map

Marine Environmental Conditions: A front approaching from the northwest will stall just northwest of the offshore waters. A broad northeast to southwest surface ridge has shifted south near Kauai ahead of the front. Through tonight, easterly trade winds will persist south of the Big Island of Hawaii and through the Alenuihaha Channel, with southeast winds over Big Island and Maui County windward waters.

The southeast flow will be partly blocked by the Big Island and Maui, so winds around islands from Lanai to Kauai will be gentle and variable. A high northeast of the area will strengthen and move southeast starting tonight. Winds over the coastal waters will strengthen and shift east, and could reach Small Craft Advisory speeds around the Big Island and Maui through the middle of the week.

Small to moderate surf will continue along south facing shores through Friday. A fairly large swell from southeast of New Zealand is forecast to reach the coastal waters Saturday. This swell may produce surf near the advisory level along south facing shores through Memorial Day. Surf along north facing shores will be quite small through Thursday. A moderate northwest swell arriving Friday will peak Saturday then slowly subside through Memorial Day. Surf along east facing shores will remain small through the middle of the week. As winds strengthen northeast of the area during the second half of the week…surf will build along east facing shores.

 

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World-wide Tropical Cyclone Activity

 

>>> Here’s Tuesday’s Pacific Disaster Center (PDC) Weather Wall Presentation covering the eastern and western Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Sea, showing a tropical disturbance being referred to as Invest 91E in the northeastern Pacific

>>> Here’s Tuesday’s Pacific Disaster Center (PDC) Weather Wall Presentation covering the Atlantic Ocean…including Sub-tropical Cyclone Andrea


>>> Atlantic Ocean: The 2019 hurricane season begins June 1, 2019

Sub-Tropical Cyclone Andrea

According to the NHC advisory 4…the depression is moving toward the north near 8 mph, and a turn toward the northeast and east is expected tonight.

Maximum sustained winds have decreased to near 35 mph with higher gusts. Continued weakening is forecast, and Andrea is expected to degenerate into a remnant low by this evening.

>>> Bermuda Satellite, Radar and Lightning looping image

>>> Bermuda Weather Service Public Forecast

>>> Here’s what the computer forecast models are showing

Here’s a satellite image of the Atlantic

NHC graphical track map
Satellite image of the storm

>>> Gulf of Mexico: The 2019 hurricane season begins June 1, 2019

>>> Caribbean Sea: The 2019 hurricane season begins June 1, 2019

Here’s a satellite image of the Caribbean Sea…and the Gulf of Mexico

>>> Eastern Pacific: There are no active tropical cyclones

>>> However, disorganized showers and thunderstorms continue in association with a broad area of low pressure located a few hundred miles south of Guatemala and El Salvador.

Some gradual development of this system is possible later this week while the disturbance meanders over the far eastern North Pacific.

* Formation chance through 48 hours…low…10 percent
* Formation chance through 5 days…medium…50 percent

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Central Pacific: The 2019 hurricane season begins June 1, 2019

Here’s the link to the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC)

>>> Northwest Pacific Ocean: There are no active tropical cyclones

>>> South Pacific Ocean: There are no active tropical cyclones

>>> North and South Indian Oceans / Arabian Sea: There are no active tropical cyclones

 

Interesting: Scientists Went to One of the World’s Most Remote Island Atolls. They Found 414 Million Pieces of Plastic – The amount of plastic pollution previously thought to exist around the world may be a dramatic underestimate — because the vast majority of plastic pollution may actually be below the surface.

That’s the takeaway from a survey of plastic pollution on the beaches of Australia’s Cocos Islands, made up of two coral atolls.

An estimated 414 million pieces of debris are now littering the remote islands, and the vast majority of that waste is buried below the surface, according to a new study. But even that is likely an underestimate, a group of researchers reported May 16 in the journal Scientific Reports.

What’s more, because most of this plastic is buried below the surface, and most global surveys don’t look below the surface, the amount of plastic pollution worldwide may be way more than we previously thought, they reported.

The scientists surveyed seven of the 27 islands, which made up 88 percent of the total landmass of the islands, and estimated that they were littered with 262 tons of plastic. A quarter of those pieces of debris were single-use or disposable items such as straws, bags and toothbrushes (about 373,000 of them), The researchers also identified some 977,000 shoes.

Roughly 93% of the debris found, most of it tiny micro-debris, was actually buried below the surface. But because they only dug 3.94 inches into the sand, and couldn’t access some beaches that are known to have a lot of debris, these numbers are likely conservative, lead author Jennifer Lavers, a research scientist at the University of Tasmania, said in a statement.

“Plastic pollution is now ubiquitous in our oceans, and remote islands are an ideal place to get an objective view of the volume of plastic debris now circling the globe,” Lavers said. Back in 2017, the same group of researchers revealed that the Henderson Island, a remote, uninhabited island in the South Pacific, was also the world’s most polluted one.

Plastic production has increased dramatically over the last decade — in the last 13 years alone, we’ve manufactured nearly half of all the plastic produced in the last six decades A recent global estimate finds that 5.25 trillion items of plastic are now in the ocean, which is more than the number of stars in the Milky Way, according to the paper.

The amount of debris buried up to about 4 inches (10 cm) below the surface of the beach is 26 times higher than the amount visible on its surface, the researchers wrote. “This suggests global debris surveys, the majority of which are focused solely on surface debris, have drastically underestimated the scale of debris accumulation.”