Air Temperatures – The following high temperatures (F) were recorded across the state of Hawaii Monday…along with the low temperatures Monday:

76 – 61  Lihue, Kauai
79 – 65  Honolulu, Oahu
80 – 66  Molokai
83 – 69  Kahului AP, Maui
81 – 70  Kona Int’l AP
83 – 68  Hilo AP, Hawaii

Here are the latest 24-hour precipitation totals (inches) for each of the islands as of Monday evening:

0.17  N Wailua Ditch, Kauai
0.10  Bellows, Oahu
 0.45  Molokai
0.00  Lanai
0.00  Kahoolawe
2.48  Kaupo Gap, Maui
2.01  Pahala, Big Island

The following numbers represent the strongest wind gusts (mph) as of Monday evening:

17  Port Allen, Kauai
15  Waianae Harbor, Oahu
08  Molokai
 13  Lanai
10  Kahoolawe
10  Maalaea Bay, Maui
17  Kaupulehu, Big Island

Hawaii’s Mountains – Here’s a link to the live webcam on the summit of our tallest mountain Mauna Kea (nearly 13,800 feet high) on the Big Island of Hawaii. This webcam is available during the daylight hours here in the islands, and at night whenever there’s a big moon shining down. Also, at night you will be able to see the stars — and the sunrise and sunset too — depending upon weather conditions.


Aloha Paragraphs

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A dissipating cold front is still loosely intact over the eastern islands

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Yet another cold front to the northwest

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Clear to partly cloudy most areas

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Scattered showers locally – Looping radar image


~~~ Hawaii Weather Narrative ~~~

 

Broad brush overview: A cold front has dissipated over the eastern islands, which will bring back nice weather for Tuesday. Several upper level disturbances and ample moisture, will bring a period of wet and unsettled weather to most of the islands during the middle to second half of the week. The upcoming weekend looks drier with mainly light trades blowing.

Details: The models show a frontal cloud band reaching the state Tuesday night. At about the same time the weather gets interesting again, as the moisture laden air becomes unsettled. This will be triggered by an approaching upper level trough of low pressure…with its cold temperatures arriving aloft. The models agree that we’ll become showery again briefly Tuesday night into Wednesday morning, with a chance of thunderstorms here and there.

Looking Further Ahead: This unsettled weather improves briefly later Wednesday, although returns Wednesday night…as a second slug of upper level energy moves over the islands. This impulse will likely bring more widespread rain and showers with thunderstorms to most of the islands. This unsettled pattern persists into Friday, followed by diminishing showers later in the day into Saturday. If the models continue to maintain this wet weather outlook, a Flash Flood Watch will likely be issued Tuesday. The way it looks now, we should dig out of this unsettled pattern during the second half of the upcoming weekend.

Here’s a wind profile of the Pacific Ocean – Closer view of the islands / Here’s the vog forecast animation / Here’s the latest weather map

Marine environment details: Winds are expected to remain below Small Craft Advisory (SCA) levels for the next several days. However, a new north-northwest swell will likely boost seas above the SCA threshold for exposed waters Wednesday through Thursday.

A High Surf Advisory (HSA) is in effect for north and west facing shores of Kauai, Oahu and Molokai, north facing shores of Maui and west facing shores of Lanai and the Big Island. The current west-northwest swell is forecast to gradually subside, and shift northwest. Surf from this swell will gradually lower overnight.

A new north-northwest swell is expected to build Wednesday, peak Wednesday night, and then gradually subside through the week. Surf from this swell is expected to reach the High Surf Advisory criteria along exposed north and west facing shores of the islands Wednesday night and Thursday. Another large north-northwest swell is possible early next week. Elsewhere, there will be a series of small south and south-southwest swells through the upcoming weekend.

 

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Clouds and showers locally…clear to partly cloudy elsewhere

Southern California Weather Summary:  A high pressure system will build in this week, with offshore winds triggering a warming trend…with the hottest days Wednesday to Friday. Then onshore breezes over the weekend, will bring low clouds with a cooling trend…although temperatures will still be somewhat above normal. Looking ahead, we may see a wetter period early into the middle of next week. At the same time, temperatures will definitely be cooler.

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Mostly clear skies – Looping radar for Southern California



World-wide tropical cyclone activity


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>>> Atlantic Ocean: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

Here’s a satellite image of the Atlantic Ocean

>>> Caribbean: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

>>> Gulf of Mexico: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

Here’s a satellite image of the Caribbean Sea…and the Gulf of Mexico

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Eastern Pacific: The 2017 hurricane season begins May 15th

Here’s the NOAA 2016 Hurricane Season Summary for the Eastern Pacific Basin

Here’s a wide satellite image that covers the entire area between Mexico, out through the central Pacific…to the International Dateline.

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Central Pacific: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

Here’s the NOAA 2016 Hurricane Season Summary for the Central Pacific Basin

Here’s a link to the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC)

>>> Northwest Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclones

>>> South Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclone


>>> North and South Indian Oceans / Arabian Sea:

Tropical Cyclone 09S (Enawo) remains active in the South Indian Ocean, here’s a graphical track map, along with a satellite image of the system…and what the computer models are showing.

Here’s a link to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)


Interesting: Turning food waste into tires – Tomorrow’s tires could come from the farm as much as the factory.

Researchers at The Ohio State University have discovered that food waste can partially replace the petroleum-based filler that has been used in manufacturing tires for more than a century.

In tests, rubber made with the new fillers exceeds industrial standards for performance, which may ultimately open up new applications for rubber.

As Katrina Cornish explains it, the technology has the potential to solve three problems: It makes the manufacture of rubber products more sustainable, reduces American dependence on foreign oil and keeps waste out of landfills.

Cornish, an Ohio Research Scholar and Endowed Chair in Bio-materials at Ohio State, has spent years cultivating new domestic rubber sources, including a rubber-producing dandelion. Now she has a patent-pending method for turning eggshells and tomato peels into viable—and locally sourced—replacements for carbon black, a petroleum-based filler that American companies often purchase from overseas.

About 30 percent of a typical automobile tire is carbon black; it’s the reason tires appear black. It makes the rubber durable, and its cost varies with petroleum prices.

Carbon black is getting harder to come by, Cornish said.

“The tire industry is growing very quickly, and we don’t just need more natural rubber, we need more filler, too,” she explained. “The number of tires being produced worldwide is going up all the time, so countries are using all the carbon black they can make. There’s no longer a surplus, so we can’t just buy some from Russia to make up the difference like we used to.

“At the same time,” she added, “we need to have more sustainability.”

That’s why she and her team are getting eggshells and other food waste from Ohio food producers.

“We’re not suggesting that we collect the eggshells from your breakfast,” Cornish said. “We’re going right to the biggest source.”

According to the USDA, Americans consume nearly 100 billion eggs each year. Half are cracked open in commercial food factories, which pay to have the shells hauled to landfills by the ton. There, the mineral-packed shells don’t break down.

The second most popular vegetable in the United States—the tomato—also provides a source of filler, the researchers found. Americans eat 13 million tons of tomatoes per year, most of them canned or otherwise processed.

Commercial tomatoes have been bred to grow thick, fibrous skins so that they can survive being packed and transported long distances. When food companies want to make a product such as tomato sauce, they peel and discard the skin, which isn’t easily digestible.

Cindy Barrera, a postdoctoral researcher in Cornish’s lab, found in tests that eggshells have porous micro-structures that provide larger surface area for contact with the rubber, and give rubber-based materials unusual properties. Tomato peels, on the other hand, are highly stable at high temperatures and can also be used to generate material with good performance.

“Fillers generally make rubber stronger, but they also make it less flexible,” Barrera said. “We found that replacing different portions of carbon black with ground eggshells and tomato peels caused synergistic effects—for instance, enabling strong rubber to retain flexibility.”

“We may find that we can pursue many applications that were not possible before with natural rubber,” Cornish added.

The new rubber doesn’t look black, but rather reddish brown, depending on the amount of eggshell or tomato in it. With doctoral student Tony Ren, Cornish and Barrera are now testing different combinations and looking at ways to add color to the materials.