Air Temperatures – The following high temperatures (F) were recorded across the state of Hawaii Saturday…along with the low temperatures Sunday:

81 – 67  Lihue, Kauai
80 – 69  Honolulu, Oahu
83 – 71  Molokai
83 – 70  Kahului AP, Maui
83 – 73  Kona Int’l AP
79 – 67  Hilo AP, Hawaii

Here are the latest 24-hour precipitation totals (inches) for each of the islands as of Sunday morning:

0.99  Kokee, Kauai
0.52  Poamoho RG 1, Oahu
 0.67  Molokai
0.12  Lanai
0.00  Kahoolawe
1.02  West Wailuaiki, Maui
0.37  Hilo AP, Big Island

The following numbers represent the strongest wind gusts (mph) as of Sunday morning:

24  Lihue, Kauai
42  Kuaokala, Oahu
25  Molokai
 29  Lanai
33  Kahoolawe
25  Kapalua, Maui
31  Pali 2, Big Island

Hawaii’s Mountains – Here’s a link to the live webcam on the summit of our tallest mountain Mauna Kea (nearly 13,800 feet high) on the Big Island of Hawaii. This webcam is available during the daylight hours here in the islands, and at night whenever there’s a big moon shining down. Also, at night you will be able to see the stars — and the sunrise and sunset too — depending upon weather conditions.


Aloha Paragraphs

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A weakening cold front has reached the Big Island

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This front will bring cooler and windy weather in its wake

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Mostly cloudy across many areas of the state

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Showers locally…mostly along north to northeast slopes – Looping radar image


Small Craft Advisory…all coasts and channels

 Gale Warning…Maalaea Bay, Pailolo and Alenuihaha Channels

Wind Advisory…windiest areas around Maui County and the Big Island

High Surf Advisory…north and west shores of Kauai, Molokai, and north shores of Oahu and Maui


~~~ Hawaii Weather Narrative ~~~



A weak cold front has reached the Big Island this morning…with strong and gusty north winds following the front down the island chain. Clouds and showers will mainly affect the north slopes and windward areas, although with only light to moderate rainfall totals expected. A few showers will reach leeward locations on the smaller islands…as the strong winds push moisture over there, although these will be brief in nature.

The cold front will continue moving south…migrating over the waters south of the Big Island later in the day. Chilly north winds are filling in behind the front, as high pressure builds in from the northwest. Winds will accelerate, and as a result a wind advisory has been issued for the windiest sections of Maui County and the Big Island. This advisory includes the higher terrain of Lanai…and over the Kohala Mountains on the Big Island.

North winds in the wake of the cold front will bring dry air over the islands. This will limit most clouds and showers to the windward slopes through Monday. Gusty trade winds will remain through Wednesday, with limited showers focused over windward and mountain areas. While another high is expected to build northwest of the islands later in the week, a developing low pressure system northeast of Hawaii will likely act to limit an increase in wind speeds. Latest model guidance indicates that light to moderate winds will keep a cool and relatively dry weather pattern in place.

Here’s a wind profile of the Pacific Ocean – Closer view of the islands / Here’s the vog forecast animation / Here’s the latest weather map

Marine environment details: Strong to gale force winds associated with strong high pressure building north of the state, in the wake of a cold front…will continue through Monday. Gales are expected across the Pailolo and Alenuihaha Channels and Maalaea Bay this afternoon through Monday, before gradually trending down Tuesday through Wednesday. Local winds will veer from the north this morning to the northeast this afternoon and toward the east Monday. These winds will generate very rough seas across the local waters.

In addition to the winds and seas, a large north-northwest swell will fill in across the waters today, peak this evening/overnight, then gradually ease Monday through Tuesday. This swell is associated with a storm force low pressure system just under 1000 miles north of the state.

Surf along exposed north and west facing shores will quickly rise, reaching advisory levels today as conditions evolve and the north-northwest swell fills in. These conditions will continue through Monday before trending down.

Surf along east facing shores will gradually rise through the week, and near advisory levels Tuesday through Wednesday…as the winds shift to the east.

On Wednesday, a moderate west-northwest swell associated with a developing gale east of Japan, is expected to arrive, peak late Wednesday through Wednesday night, then gradually ease Thursday through Friday. If this source comes in slightly higher than predicted, advisory level surf along north and west facing shores will become a possibility Wednesday and Wednesday night.

 

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Cool and windy weather moving into the state today and Monday



World-wide tropical cyclone activity


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>>> Atlantic Ocean: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

Here’s a satellite image of the Atlantic Ocean

>>> Caribbean: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

>>> Gulf of Mexico: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

Here’s a satellite image of the Caribbean Sea…and the Gulf of Mexico

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Eastern Pacific: The 2017 hurricane season begins May 15th

Here’s the NOAA 2016 Hurricane Season Summary for the Eastern Pacific Basin

Here’s a wide satellite image that covers the entire area between Mexico, out through the central Pacific…to the International Dateline.

Here’s the link to the National Hurricane Center (NHC)

>>> Central Pacific: The 2017 hurricane season begins June 1st

Here’s the NOAA 2016 Hurricane Season Summary for the Central Pacific Basin

Here’s a link to the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC)

>>> Northwest Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclones

>>> South Pacific Ocean: No active tropical cyclones


>>> North and South Indian Oceans / Arabian Sea: No active tropical cyclones

Here’s a link to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)


Interesting: Wind, Rain, Heat: Health Risks Grow with Extreme Weather – As climate change proceeds, there will be more extreme weather events, and these events pose a threat to people’s health, experts say.

The annual number of natural disasters appears to be increasing around the world, said Dr. Mark Keim, an emergency-medicine physician and the founder of DisasterDoc LLC. These include, for example, not only weather and water related disasters, but also geological disasters, such as earthquakes, and biological disasters, such as pandemics.

Data from the past 50 years show that 41 percent of all global disasters are related to extreme weather or water events, Keim said at the Climate & Health Meeting, a gathering of experts from public health organizations, universities and advocacy groups that focused on the health impacts of climate change.

Experts in climate change predict that extreme weather events will increase in either frequency or severity, and these events are a very serious public health burden, Keim told Live Science.

Extreme-weather events fall into three categories: high-precipitation disasters (such as hurricanes and tornadoes), low-precipitation disasters (heat, droughts and wildfires) and sea-level rise disasters, Keim said. High-precipitation and low-precipitation disasters are currently affecting the United States, he added.

High precipitation disasters

High-precipitation disasters, which include storms, floods and landslides, can kill people in a variety of ways, Keim said. People can die from falls, electrocutions (from downed power lines), drowning (for example, during a hurricane) or asphyxiation (in a landslide), Keim said. In the United States, more deaths occur during the clean-up phase of hurricanes than during the actual storms, he added.

Data show that among people with any type of severe injuries, 50 percent die immediately, and another 30 percent of severely injured people die within the first hour, Keim said. (These data apply to any type of severe injury, from car accidents to hurricanes, he said.)

That means that 80 percent of all deaths from severe injuries occur within 1 hour of the event, which is deemed “the golden hour,” he said.

But during a disaster, with winds blowing or the earth shaking, it’s nearly impossible to reach victims within that golden hour, Keim said. So if doctors and experts want to reduce the number of deaths, they need to take a different approach: prevention, Keim said.

Deaths from tornadoes, for example, have decreased tenfold over the past 30 years, thanks to improved communication about storms and education, he said. Improved forecasting and early warnings allow people to get out of the area, he added.

Low-precipitation disasters

Low-precipitation disasters also threaten health, Keim said. These include heat waves, droughts and wildfires.

Kim Knowlton, an assistant clinical professor of environmental health sciences at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in New York City, who also spoke at the meeting, elaborated on the health risks posed by heat.

“There is a clear warming trend and that threatens health,” Knowlton said. “Heat waves, which are extreme heat events that last several days, are the No. 1 cause of U.S. weather fatalities, on average, over the last 30 years,” she said.

Extreme heat poses a problem because it disrupts the body’s natural ability to regulate its temperature, Knowlton said.

Normally, the body regulates its internal temperature via the heart and lungs, Knowlton said. When its hot out, the heart beats faster, we breathe faster and we sweat to cool off, she said. But in extreme heat, these functions can’t rid the body of enough heat, and our internal temperature rises, she said.

This can lead to a range of heat-related illnesses, from mild ones, such as heat cramps and fatigue, to more serious ones, such as fainting and heat exhaustion, to severe ones, such as heat stroke, which is fatal in more than half of all cases, Knowlton said.

But extreme heat doesn’t only kill people directly through heat-related illnesses. It can also increase the risk of death from heart disease, respiratory diseases, kidney diseases and other illnesses, because of its wider effects on the body, Knowlton said.

Many people are vulnerable to heat-related illnesses, Knowlton said. These include infants, children, the elderly, outdoor workers, athletes, people with medical conditions, pregnant women, the poor, the homeless and people who live in cities, she said.

In addition, certain drugs, such as blood pressure medications, antidepressants and allergy medications, make people more susceptible to heat, Knowlton said.

This means that people who are “already struggling to stay healthy will be more challenged as climate change and heat continues,” she said.